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Spring Boot文档阅读笔记-Scheduling Tasks

news 来源：原创 2024/4/25 22:44:39

这篇博文将说明，如何一步一步完成Spring的任务调度功能。

主要是使用@Scheduled注解，完成每5秒打印当前时间。

首先在Maven中增加awaitility依赖包

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.awaitility</groupId>
  <artifactId>awaitility</artifactId>
  <version>3.1.2</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

整体Maven如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>SchedulingTasks</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.awaitility</groupId>
            <artifactId>awaitility</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

创建调度调度任务的类，ScheduleTasks.java

package cn.it1995.component;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

@Component
public class ScheduledTasks {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduledTasks.class);

    private static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");

    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
    public void reportCurrentTime(){

        log.info("The time is now {}", dateFormat.format(new Date()));
    }
}

@Scheduled注解说明了在合适调用，比如fixedDelay说明每多少毫秒调用一次。这里还有其他选项，比如使用corn，这里全称应该是crontab，也就是定时任务，如@Scheduled(cron="...")

package cn.it1995;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }
}

最后在@SpringBootApplication注解的地方，也就是main方法的地方，加上@EnableScheduling注解，这个注解的作用是使得后台任务调用执行被创建。

代码如下：Main.java

package cn.it1995;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }
}

运行截图如下：