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selenium使用篇_键盘鼠标事件

news 来源：原创 2024/10/11 5:50:35

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目录
- 键盘事件
- - 键盘按键用法
  - 键盘组合键用法
- 鼠标事件

键盘事件

键盘按键用法

要使用键盘按键,需要导入keys包,引入Keys模块!
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
通过send_keys()调用按键：
Keys模块有很多按键!!!

Keys模块下的按键如下:

class Keys(object):
    """
    Set of special keys codes.
    """

    NULL = '\ue000'
    CANCEL = '\ue001'  # ^break
    HELP = '\ue002'
    BACKSPACE = '\ue003'
    BACK_SPACE = BACKSPACE
    TAB = '\ue004'
    CLEAR = '\ue005'
    RETURN = '\ue006'
    ENTER = '\ue007'
    SHIFT = '\ue008'
    LEFT_SHIFT = SHIFT
    CONTROL = '\ue009'
    LEFT_CONTROL = CONTROL
    ALT = '\ue00a'
    LEFT_ALT = ALT
    PAUSE = '\ue00b'
    ESCAPE = '\ue00c'
    SPACE = '\ue00d'
    PAGE_UP = '\ue00e'
    PAGE_DOWN = '\ue00f'
    END = '\ue010'
    HOME = '\ue011'
    LEFT = '\ue012'
    ARROW_LEFT = LEFT
    UP = '\ue013'
    ARROW_UP = UP
    RIGHT = '\ue014'
    ARROW_RIGHT = RIGHT
    DOWN = '\ue015'
    ARROW_DOWN = DOWN
    INSERT = '\ue016'
    DELETE = '\ue017'
    SEMICOLON = '\ue018'
    EQUALS = '\ue019'

    NUMPAD0 = '\ue01a'  # number pad keys
    NUMPAD1 = '\ue01b'
    NUMPAD2 = '\ue01c'
    NUMPAD3 = '\ue01d'
    NUMPAD4 = '\ue01e'
    NUMPAD5 = '\ue01f'
    NUMPAD6 = '\ue020'
    NUMPAD7 = '\ue021'
    NUMPAD8 = '\ue022'
    NUMPAD9 = '\ue023'
    MULTIPLY = '\ue024'
    ADD = '\ue025'
    SEPARATOR = '\ue026'
    SUBTRACT = '\ue027'
    DECIMAL = '\ue028'
    DIVIDE = '\ue029'

    F1 = '\ue031'  # function  keys
    F2 = '\ue032'
    F3 = '\ue033'
    F4 = '\ue034'
    F5 = '\ue035'
    F6 = '\ue036'
    F7 = '\ue037'
    F8 = '\ue038'
    F9 = '\ue039'
    F10 = '\ue03a'
    F11 = '\ue03b'
    F12 = '\ue03c'

    META = '\ue03d'
    COMMAND = '\ue03d'

我们知道了这些按键就可以进行键盘事件!

'''
键盘事件
'''
from selenium import webdriver
import time
# 引入按键模块
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('http://baidu.com/')
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('人生苦短,我用python!')
time.sleep(2)
#定位到搜索按钮然后会车
driver.find_element_by_id('su').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
time.sleep(3)
#定位到输入框进行清除键
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.BACKSPACE)
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()

在这里插入图片描述

键盘组合键用法

键盘组合键用法

send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'a') #全选（Ctrl+A）
send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'c') #复制（Ctrl+C）
send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'x') #剪贴（Ctrl+X）
send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'v') #粘贴（Ctrl+V)

示例:

#键盘组合键用法!
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('http://baidu.com')
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('python之父')
time.sleep(3)
# 通过ctrl+a进行全选!
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'a')
time.sleep(1)
# 通过 ctrl+x进行剪切
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys(Keys.CONTROL,'x')
time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()

在这里插入图片描述

鼠标事件

要使用鼠标事件要先导入鼠标模块from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

语法示例如下:

#鼠标拖动事件
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(element).perform()
ActionChains(driver) #生成用户的行为,所有行动都存储在actionchains对象中
move_to_element(element) # 操作鼠标到element元素中
perform() # 执行存储的行为

ActionChains类

click() 左击
context_click() 右击
double_click() 双击
drag_and_drop() 拖动
move_to_element() 移动

示例:

# 鼠标事件
from selenium import webdriver
import time
# 导入鼠标事件的模块
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
# 导入键盘事件模块
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://baidu.com/")
driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('国足')
time.sleep(2)
# 定位到搜索按钮!
q = driver.find_element_by_id('su')
# 鼠标事件 鼠标双击
ActionChains(driver).double_click(q).perform()
time.sleep(2)
# 定位到搜索框!
s = driver.find_element_by_id('kw')
# 鼠标单击(左击)
ActionChains(driver).click(s).perform()
time.sleep(2)
# 输入2次键盘向下键
s.send_keys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN)
s.send_keys(Keys.ARROW_DOWN)
time.sleep(2)
# 将鼠标移动到搜索按钮
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(q).perform()
time.sleep(1)
# 鼠标双击
ActionChains(driver).double_click(q).perform()
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()